• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    It is a device for managing the operation of a battery (1) applicable to batteries for temporary use that are connected to different vehicles and charging facilities, and the procedure that this device performs. This procedure includes stages of initialization and interruption of the battery, control of the interaction of the battery with the system to which it is connected and updating and consultation of information on the operation of the battery. For this, the device (1) communicates with other control systems (3), receives information from auxiliary battery systems and sensors (4), sends signals to switching devices (2) that act on the battery connection and stores information about the operation of the battery in its memory (5). This allows the battery to work in a suitable operating range, as well as the evaluation of its use and operation. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2753675A1
    申请号:ES201830977
    申请日:2018-10-09
    公开日:2020-04-13
    发明作者:Rodríguez Daniel Remón
    申请人:Remon Rodriguez Daniel；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001]
    [0002]
    [0003]
    [0004] TECHNICAL SECTOR
    [0005]
    [0006] The present invention belongs to the transport sector and more specifically to that of electrical equipment and the propulsion of electric vehicles.
    [0007]
    [0008] The main object of the present invention is a vehicle battery operation management device applicable to temporary use batteries that are connected to different vehicles and charging facilities, as well as the battery operation management procedure that this device performs. This device manages the interaction of the battery with the system to which it is connected, keeping the battery in admissible areas of operation to prolong its useful life, and records information on its operation that allows to measure the use made by each user and detect an operation or improper use.
    [0009]
    [0010] BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
    [0011]
    [0012] The high cost of acquisition and the limited autonomy of electric vehicles make it difficult for consumers to adopt it widely. However, the impact of these factors is limited in a vehicle capable of using interchangeable temporary use batteries. The energy storage system of this vehicle can have an optimized design for regular use, thus reducing the cost of the vehicle, and can be supplemented with temporary batteries, also allowing a quick restoration of the vehicle's autonomy by exchanging these batteries.
    [0013]
    [0014] Currently, there are electric car models that allow you to exchange your battery, but this service has not been successful. Among other factors, this is because this service is only aimed at quickly restoring the autonomy of the vehicle, exchanging the storage system vehicle power in its entirety. On the one hand, this prevents optimizing the design of the vehicle's energy storage system for normal use and does not translate into savings. On the other hand, the batteries are directly exposed to the impact that each type of conduction has on them and the possible state of the battery generates objections to potential users.
    [0015]
    [0016] Therefore, for the satisfactory use of batteries for temporary use by all users, it is necessary to have systems that restrict their operation to suitable operating areas and limit the impact that the systems to which they are used may have. connect and the way they are used, minimizing their deterioration. In addition, for its commercial exploitation it is also necessary to record information on the effective use by each user.
    [0017]
    [0018] In that sense, WO 2018 104966 (Prakash Ramaraju, Shatruddha Singh Kushwaha) proposes a complete design of a temporary use battery that includes a power interface to independently control the interaction of the battery with the systems to which it connects. and modules to manage and store information about these systems and the operating incidents that occur. However, the description is restricted to the elements that make up the battery, referring to its function, but it does not describe how the battery interaction control or information management is carried out. For its part, in WO 2012140835 (Yuji Unagami et al.) A device for managing the history of a battery is proposed that stores information about its interaction with different facilities where it can be charged or discharged, emphasizing communications with these systems.
    [0019]
    [0020] EXPLANATION OF THE INVENTION
    [0021]
    [0022] The present invention proposes an operation management device for batteries for temporary use and the procedure developed by it that allows connecting a battery to an electrical system and regulating its interaction with this system, regardless of whether other batteries are connected to the same system. , as well as recording information on the use and operating conditions of the battery. In particular, the invention considers that the electrical system to which the temporary use battery is connected with the operation management device of the Battery described corresponds to the electrical system of an electric vehicle or to a charging facility.
    [0023]
    [0024] The invention provides the battery for temporary use to which an independent control system is associated, which ensures that the battery works properly, reducing the impact that the specific consumption of the vehicle, the different types of driving, the state of the vehicles or charging facilities to which it is connected or the behavior of other batteries connected to the same system. In addition, it also manages the information and communication necessary to control the battery and measure its use, using measurements of battery variables, recording information on its use and operation, and communicating with the system to which control of the system to which it is connected rests. Battery. In particular, it registers separately the energy injected and the energy absorbed by the battery, which provides an absolute measure of the total use of the battery that influences its degradation. In this way, it is possible to guarantee the correct operation of the battery during its useful life without premature aging, and also to provide the users of the batteries and other agents related to this service with the necessary information to facilitate their use in fair conditions and their commercial exploitation.
    [0025]
    [0026] The invention consists of a device for managing the operation of a battery for temporary use for electric vehicles and the procedure that this device carries out. Such a battery is connected to an electrical system of a vehicle or charging facility. From the point of view of the description of the invention, the electrical system to which the battery is connected, whether it corresponds to a vehicle or to a charging installation, will hereinafter be referred to as "external system". The following elements can be identified in the interaction between the battery and the external system:
    [0027] • The battery, understood as a set of basic storage units together with possible auxiliary systems.
    [0028] • The external system, which is the electrical system of a vehicle or a charging facility and has a connection point to which the battery is connected. This external system may have other connection points to which other batteries or other electrical systems are connected.
    [0029] • A set of switching devices, consisting of one or more devices that allow establishing and interrupting the electrical connection between two points in a circuit. This set electrically joins the battery and the external system and allows acting on the effective electrical connection between the two.
    [0030] • An external control system, associated with the external system, that controls the operation of this system and the auxiliary systems that depend on it and coordinates the systems that connect to the external system, establishing communications with the respective control systems.
    [0031] • The battery operation management device described in this invention, associated with the battery and communicating with the external control system. This device controls the interaction of the battery with the external system by acting on the switching devices, taking into account the properties of the battery and attending to the communication established with the external control system.
    [0032]
    [0033] The switching devices that electrically link the battery and the external system may have different nature and configuration in different applications. In particular, the devices may be switches, contactors, thyristors, transistors, or other elements or combinations thereof with the ability to open and close an electrical circuit. These devices can be accompanied by other auxiliaries such as transformers or diodes. In the particular case of transistors, such as MOSFETs or IGBTs, different connection schemes can be considered, forming power converters that make possible the interaction between electrical systems with different voltage or frequency. The switching signals sent by the battery operation management device to the switching devices take into account their characteristics.
    [0034]
    [0035] In addition, the switching devices can be accompanied by different elements such as resistors, capacitors or inductors that act as filters. These filters can also have different configurations and are intended to reduce the impact that the action of the switching devices has on the electrical circuits that they connect. In this description, they are considered included in the set of switching devices with regard to the elements identified in the interaction between the battery and the external system.
    [0036] With this connection configuration, on an electrical level it is possible to define the "battery side" as the point in the circuit where the battery connects to the set of switching devices and the "external system side" as the point in the circuit where the external system is connected to the set of switching devices.
    [0037]
    [0038] In the physical realization of the elements that allow the interaction between the battery and the external system, the battery operation management device is installed next to it, like other auxiliary systems of the basic storage units and integrated into the same Body. For its part, the set of switching devices can be installed next to the battery, next to the external system or as a separate element. Preferably, the set of switching devices is also considered installed next to the battery.
    [0039]
    [0040] The battery operation management device comprises information input and output elements, time measurement, processing and calculation, and non-volatile memory elements that make it possible to obtain information, process it, store it and interact with it. device with the set of switching devices and the external control system. These elements are installed and programmed to carry out the battery operation management procedure described below and which characterizes the operation of the battery operation management device.
    [0041]
    [0042] The battery operation management procedure comprises the following stages:
    [0043] a) Initialization of battery operation.
    [0044] b) Control of the interaction between the battery and the external system.
    [0045] c) Updating information on the use of the battery.
    [0046] d) Updating information on battery operating incidents. e) Consultation of battery operation information related to the external system to which the battery is connected.
    [0047] f) Consultation of general battery operation information.
    [0048] g) Interruption of battery operation.
    [0049]
    [0050] During the execution of the battery operation management procedure, information is generated and consulted that is stored in the memory of the battery operation management and including:
    [0051] • An external system identity.
    [0052] • An energy meter injected by the battery and an energy meter absorbed by the battery.
    [0053] • A list of operating intervals where each of the battery variables is instantly subject to operating limits.
    [0054] • A battery utilization table.
    [0055] • A table of incidents of battery operation.
    [0056] This information is modified with the execution of different stages of the procedure. In addition, the battery operation management device stores other information about the characteristics of the battery, such as its operating limits. This information on the characteristics of the battery may include a dependency on the state of the battery, considering for example the influence of parameters such as temperature or battery degradation.
    [0057]
    [0058] The external system identity corresponds to an external system with which the battery has an active connection, that is, the battery is connected to an external system and its operation has been initialized. This identity comprises a code that uniquely identifies the external system and the external control system associated with it. When the battery does not have an active connection, the stored external system identity corresponds to a specific code that indicates this situation.
    [0059]
    [0060] The energy meters injected and absorbed by the battery store information on the energy exchanged between the battery and an external system, taking into account the value of the measurement of the power exchanged when the battery is connected to an external system, its update period and its sign. Specifically, with each update of the power measurement exchanged, the product of the absolute value of this measure is added by the update period to the energy meter injected by the battery if the sign of the power measurement corresponds to an injection and the energy meter absorbed by the battery if the sign corresponds to an absorption.
    [0061]
    [0062] The list of operation intervals stores for each variable subjected to operation limits a code that indicates in which operation interval the variable is. For each variable, a certain number of operating limits can be considered that they define a corresponding number of operating intervals and, with it, different degrees of severity of the operating incidents related to these variables. Among the variables subject to operating limits, the voltage and current of the battery can be considered, as well as its temperature and that of its auxiliary elements.
    [0063]
    [0064] The battery utilization table, hereafter simply referred to as the "utilization table", stores in each row the identity of the external system to which the battery utilization recorded in that row corresponds, the instant (date and time) in The connection of the battery to that external system, the total energy injected by the battery to that external system and the total energy absorbed by the battery from that external system are recorded. The rows are arranged chronologically, with a new row added after the last one. In some embodiments of the invention, each row of this utilization table also stores the number of the last row of the battery operating incident table at the time such row of the utilization table is created.
    [0065]
    [0066] The battery operation incident table, hereafter simply referred to as the “incident table”, stores in each row the identity of the external system stored when the incident registered in said row takes place, the instant (date and time) in that the issue occurs and an issue code. The rows are ordered chronologically, with a new row added after the last row each time an incident requiring registration occurs. The change in operating interval of one of the variables subject to operating limits is defined as an incident requiring registration. The incident code includes information about the affected variable and the change of operation interval that occurs. In some embodiments of the invention, the interruption of one of the steps of the battery operation management procedure is also defined as an incident that requires registration; in that case, the incident code includes information about the interrupted stage and the cause of the interruption.
    [0067]
    [0068] Figure 1 shows a block diagram in which the interaction of the battery operation management device (1) with the switching devices (2), the external control system (3) and sensors or auxiliary systems is represented. of the battery that provide measurements of different variables (4). The structure of its memory elements (5) is also represented in an embodiment of the invention and the different stages of the procedure it develops.
    [0069]
    [0070] Each of the stages of the battery operation management procedure comprises different sub-stages and is characterized by different aspects that are described below.
    [0071]
    [0072] The battery operation initialization stage (a) activates the battery connection to an external system and the collection of battery operation information related to it. This stage (a) includes the following sub-stages:
    [0073] a.1) Detection of the battery connection to an external system.
    [0074] a.2) Identity verification of the external system.
    [0075] a.3) Storage of information about the identity of the external system. a.4) Activation of a row in the utilization table.
    [0076] a.5) Activation of the energy meters injected and absorbed by the battery. This step (a) is executed on time when the battery connection to an external system occurs (a.0).
    [0077]
    [0078] The battery operation management device (1) detects that the battery has been connected to an external system (a.1) due to the change that occurs in the circuit. This change may be reflected as the appearance of a voltage on the side of the external system or a variation in impedance. The battery operation management device then verifies the identity of the external system (a.2). If the identity verification is unsuccessful, this step (a) is interrupted and an error signal (a.7) is generated, without changing the stored external system identity. In an embodiment of the invention, the identity verification of the external system (a.2) is initiated with an identification request sent by the battery operation management device (1) to the external control system (3).
    [0079]
    [0080] Once the external system is correctly identified, the identity of the external system stored in the battery operation management device (1) becomes that of this external system (a.3) and the connection is considered active. Then a row is activated in the usage table for this external system (a.4). Activating this row in turn comprises two steps. In the first of these, it is checked whether the identity of the external system is the same as that stored in the last row of the table of use prior to the execution of this sub-step (a.4); in the second, if so, the last row of the utilization table is activated, while if not, a new row is created and activated at the end of the utilization table. In the creation of a new row, this includes the identity of the external system, the instant in which this sub-stage is executed (a.4) and values equal to zero for the total energy injected and absorbed by the battery. In some embodiments of the invention, this row of the utilization table also includes the number of the last row of the incident table at the time that said row of the utilization table is created. In alternative embodiments of the invention, activating the row in the utilization table consists of only one action, creating a new row at the end of the utilization table regardless of the identity of the external system in the last row of the utilization table prior to the execution of this sub-step (a.4).
    [0081]
    [0082] The activation of the energy meters injected and absorbed by the battery (a.5) consists in assigning them the values stored in the active row of the utilization table at the moment in which this sub-stage (a.5) is executed for the energy total injected and absorbed by the battery, respectively, whether these are equal to zero in a newly created row or non-zero values inherited from a previous connection. From this moment, the energy counters are updated with each update of the measurement of the exchanged power.
    [0083]
    [0084] In some embodiments of the invention, this step (a) comprises an additional sub-step (a.6) following the activation of the energy meters injected and absorbed by the battery (a.5), which consists of sending a confirmation of activation of the battery operation to the external control system (3).
    [0085]
    [0086] The stage of control of the interaction between the battery and the external system (b) aims at this interaction to follow the instructions sent from the external control system (3) to the battery operation management device (1), ensuring that it works within the established operating limits. Therefore, at this stage the battery operation management device (1) determines the switching signals for the switching devices (2) that connect the battery and the external system. This stage (b) includes the following sub-stages:
    [0087] b.1) Reception of reference values and measurements.
    [0088] b.2) Correction of the reference value.
    [0089] b.3) Calculation of a low-level control reference.
    [0090] b.4) Correction of the low level control reference.
    [0091] b.5) Generation of switching signals by executing low-level control.
    [0092] b.6) Sending the switching signals.
    [0093] This step (b) is periodically executed with a certain control update period (b.0), updating the received reference values and measurements, and the switching signals accordingly. The execution of this step (b) can be conditioned to the battery having an active connection; otherwise, the switching signals sent correspond to keeping the switching devices (2) disconnected, preventing the electrical interaction between the battery and the external system.
    [0094]
    [0095] The battery operation management device (1) receives from the external control system (3) a reference on the interaction between the battery and the external system (b.1), preferably the power that the battery must inject, using the opposite sign for absorption. Similarly, it receives measurements (b.1) from sensors connected directly to the battery operation management device or through auxiliary battery elements (4), with variables necessary for calculating the bass control reference. level or generation of switching signals.
    [0096]
    [0097] In different embodiments of the invention, the received reference value is corrected (b.2) to keep it within battery operating limits or to compensate for the effect of power losses or voltage drops that may occur between different points of the electrical circuit. In some embodiments of the invention, correction of the received reference value includes processing to correct errors in the transmission of information.
    [0098]
    [0099] For its part, the calculation of the low-level control reference (b.3) also admits different possibilities in different embodiments of the invention. Preferably, a current reference on the battery side is determined by dividing the power reference by a measure of the voltage on the battery side. An alternative option considers a closed loop controller that tracks the received reference.
    [0100] Correcting the low level control reference (b.4) also gives rise to different embodiments of the invention. Preferably, the low level control reference is corrected so that it remains within the operating limits for the battery current as a function of the instantaneous state of the battery, mainly determined by its temperature and state of charge. In different embodiments of the invention, the correction of the low-level control reference (b.4) also takes into account the operating limits established for the battery voltage, acting directly on the low-level control reference or on the limits used to correct it.
    [0101]
    [0102] Low level control (b.5) is executed in different ways in different embodiments of the invention, adapting to the characteristics of the switching devices (2) considered. In this way, it can be considered from a simple scheme for switches or contactors in which the switching signals indicate whether the switching devices (2) should remain active or inactive as long as the battery works within its operating limits to more complex developments for switching devices (2) with a higher degree of control. Preferably, the low level control (b.5) is based on a current controller and a pulse width modulation algorithm and generates switching signals for transistors.
    [0103]
    [0104] In some embodiments of the invention, this step (b) comprises an additional sub-step (b.7) following the sending of the switching signals (b.6), which consists of sending the information used to determine the reference and the environmental conditions in which the battery must work to the external control system (3). This information includes values of the battery operating limits, the energy available for injection and absorption of the battery and the deviation of its temperature from the corresponding operating limits. Optionally, this information may include confirmation of activation of battery operation.
    [0105]
    [0106] The step of updating information on the use of the battery (c) stores the information of the energy meters injected and absorbed by the battery in the utilization table and includes the following sub-stages:
    [0107] c.1) Reading of the energy meters injected and absorbed by the battery. c.2) Writing the values of energy injected and absorbed by the battery in the active row in the utilization table.
    [0108] This step (c) is periodically executed with a period of updating information on the use of the battery. In addition, it is executed promptly on demand from other stages of the battery operation management procedure. The execution of this step (c) can be conditioned to the battery having an active connection; otherwise, it is not written to the usage table.
    [0109]
    [0110] The battery operation incident update stage (d) stores the battery operation incidents that require registration in the incident table and includes the following sub-stages:
    [0111] d.1) Detection of an incident that requires registration.
    [0112] d.2) Creation of a row in the incident table with the identity of the external system, the instant in which the incident occurs and an incident code. This step (d) is executed on time when an incident occurs that requires registration, even when the battery does not have an active connection.
    [0113]
    [0114] The battery operation management device (1) detects an incident that requires recording (d.1) when a change occurs in the operating interval of a variable subject to operating limits. The information on the operating interval of each of these variables is updated with each update of the measurements of the variables involved; If the operation interval of a determined variable in an update is different from the one stored in the previous update, an incident is detected. The information stored on the operating interval of each of these variables is overwritten with the value determined in the last update once the values of the last update and the previous update have been compared. In some embodiments of the invention, an incident requiring registration (d.1) is also detected when a stage of the battery operation management procedure is interrupted and the corresponding error signal is generated.
    [0115]
    [0116] The step of querying battery operation information related to the external system to which the battery (e) is connected results in the transmission of information from the battery operation management device (1) to the external control system ( 3) on the use of energy and the incidents of operation that have taken place in the interaction between the battery and this external system. This stage (e) includes the following sub-stages:
    [0117] e.1) Receipt of a request for battery operation information related to the external system to which the battery is connected. e.2) Identity verification of the external system.
    [0118] e.3) Updating the information on the use of the battery.
    [0119] e.4) Reading the information on the total energy injected by the battery and on the total energy absorbed by the battery stored in the active row of the table of use and sending to the external control system (3).
    [0120] e.5) Reading the information on incidents of battery operation related to the external system to which the battery is connected and sending it to the external control system (3).
    [0121] This stage (e) is executed punctually on demand (e.0) from the external control system (3). The execution of this step (e) can be conditioned to the battery having an active connection.
    [0122]
    [0123] At this stage (e), in the external system identity verification sub-stage (e.2), the battery operation management device verifies that the identity of the external system corresponds to the identity of the external system stored in the battery operation management device (1). Otherwise, the execution of this stage is interrupted in this verification (e.2) and an error signal is generated (e.6).
    [0124]
    [0125] The sub-stage for updating the information on battery usage (e.3) involves the execution of the step for updating the information on battery utilization (c) previously described.
    [0126]
    [0127] In the sub-stage of reading and sending information on battery operating incidents corresponding to the external system to which the battery is connected (e.5), the table of incidents is traversed and the corresponding information is transmitted to the external system to which it is located. connected the battery, with the moment in which the incident occurs and the code that corresponds to it. The reading of this information in the incident table is carried out in different ways in different embodiments of the invention. Preferably, the reading is made from the row following the one whose number appears in the active row of the utilization table to the end. In another embodiment of the invention, the information about the connection time stored in the active row of the utilization table is used and the table of incidents from that moment. In another embodiment of the invention, the incident table is traversed, directly verifying the identity of the external system associated with each incident. In any case, this journey can lead to an empty result set if there has been no incident in the interaction with the connected external system.
    [0128]
    [0129] The step of querying information on the operation of the general battery (f) results in the transmission of information from the battery operation management device (1) to the external control system (3) on the use of energy and the battery operating incidents that have occurred over a period of time. This stage (f) includes the following sub-stages:
    [0130] f.1) Receipt of a request for information on the operation of the general battery.
    [0131] f.2) Identity verification and access permission of the external system.
    [0132] f.3) Reception of the time interval on which information about the operation of the battery is requested.
    [0133] f.4) Updating the information on the use of the battery.
    [0134] f.5) Reading of the information on the use of the battery in the consulted interval stored in the table of use and sending to the external control system (3), comprising the identity of the external system, the connection time and the information on energy injected and absorbed by the battery of each row whose connection moment belongs to the consulted interval. f.6) Reading of the information on incidents of battery operation in the consulted interval stored in the table of incidents and sending to the external control system (3), comprising the identity of the external system, the instant in which the incidence and the incidence code of each row whose instant of occurrence of the incident belongs to the consulted interval. This stage (f) is executed on time on demand (f.0) from the external control system (3). The execution of this step (f) can be conditioned to the battery having an active connection.
    [0135]
    [0136] At this stage (f), in the sub-stage of verification of identity and access permission of the external system (f.2), the battery operation management device (1) verifies that the external control system (3) requesting information is authorized to access the required information, which in general may affect others external systems. In case of not being authorized, the execution of this step (f) is interrupted in this verification, generating an error signal (f.7).
    [0137]
    [0138] The sub-stage for updating the information on the use of the battery (f.4) involves the execution of the step for updating the information on the use of the battery (c) previously described.
    [0139]
    [0140] In the sub-stages of reading and sending information, both on the use of the battery (f.5) and on incidents of battery operation (f.6), the table of use or incidents, respectively, is traversed. In this journey, the information on the moment in which the different events take place stored in each row is used to determine if it is within the corresponding interval and, if so, the information of interest stored in that row is transmitted.
    [0141]
    [0142] The battery operation interruption stage (g) disables the battery operation when the battery is disconnected from the external system and comprises the following sub-stages:
    [0143] g.1) Detection of the disconnection of the battery from the external system.
    [0144] g.2) Updating the information on the use of the battery.
    [0145] g.3) Replacement of the information stored on the identity of the external system.
    [0146] This step (g) is executed on time when the battery is disconnected from the external system.
    [0147]
    [0148] The battery operation management device (1) detects that the battery has been disconnected from the external system (g.1) due to the change that occurs in the circuit. This change can be reflected as the disappearance of the voltage on the side of the external system or a variation of impedance. As a result of disconnection, the battery no longer has an active connection. Next, the battery operation management device (1) updates the battery usage information (g.2) by executing the step of updating the battery usage information (c) previously described. Finally, the identity of the stored external system becomes the code that indicates that the battery does not have an active connection (g.3).
    [0149] From this description of the invention it is possible to obtain obvious variations of it. Among these obvious variations it is worth mentioning, as they are the most immediate and not intended to limit the length of the description, the following:
    [0150] • The realization by a different or parallel order of sub-stages of the same stage that are independent of each other.
    [0151] • The execution of stages regardless of whether the battery has an active connection or the identity of the external system.
    [0152] • The use of specific protocols for the transmission of information. • Sending an error signal to the external control system (3) when a stage of the battery operation management procedure is interrupted.
    [0153]
    [0154] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    [0155]
    [0156] To complement the description that is being made and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, a set of drawings is included as an integral part of said description, where, by way of illustration and not limitation, the following:
    [0157] Figure 1 shows a block diagram with the interactions of the operation management device of a battery of the invention with other systems and a representation of the information that it stores in its memory and the steps of the procedure that it carries out for an embodiment. of the invention.
    [0158] Figure 2 shows a flow diagram corresponding to a preferred embodiment of the initialization step of the operation of the battery (a).
    [0159] Figure 3 shows a flow diagram corresponding to a preferred embodiment of the step of controlling the interaction between the battery and the external system (b).
    [0160] Fig. 4 shows a flow diagram corresponding to a preferred embodiment of the step of consulting information on the operation of the battery related to the external system to which the battery (e) is connected.
    [0161] Fig. 5 shows a flow diagram corresponding to a preferred embodiment of the step of consulting information on the operation of the general battery (f).
    [0162]
    [0163] PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION
    [0164]
    [0165] Below is a preferred embodiment of the invention. The details Described in this section refer to this preferred embodiment and do not limit the scope of the invention contained in the general explanation.
    [0166]
    [0167] The preferred embodiment of the invention considers that the switching devices (2) form a synchronous buck converter. Specifically, the converter uses two IGBT transistors, each with an antiparallel diode, and has basic filtering elements such as an inductor on its low voltage side and a capacitor on its high voltage side. The battery is connected to the low voltage side of the converter, which is therefore the battery side, and the external system is connected to the high voltage side, this being the side of the external system. The described battery operation management device (1) generates suitable switching signals for these switching devices, with a frequency around 5 kHz. In addition, the set of switching devices (2) is considered installed next to the battery forming the same body.
    [0168]
    [0169] The battery operation management device (1) comprises information input and output elements through which it obtains measurements of the voltage and current on the side of the battery and of the external system and temperature measurements of different points of the battery and the set of switching devices (2) and through which it communicates with the external control system (3). It also includes an internal clock and elements with processing and calculation capacity and flash memory for information storage.
    [0170]
    [0171] As described in the explanation of the invention, the battery operation management procedure carried out by the battery operation management device (1) comprises the following steps:
    [0172] a) Initialization of battery operation.
    [0173] b) Control of the interaction between the battery and the external system.
    [0174] c) Updating information on the use of the battery.
    [0175] d) Updating information on battery operating incidents. e) Consultation of battery operation information related to the external system to which the battery is connected.
    [0176] f) Consultation of general battery operation information.
    [0177] g) Interruption of battery operation.
    [0178] During the execution of this procedure, information that is stored in the memory (5) of the battery operation management device (1) is generated and consulted on:
    [0179] • An external system identity.
    [0180] • An energy meter injected by the battery and an energy meter absorbed by the battery.
    [0181] • A list of variable operating intervals subject to operating limits.
    [0182] • A utilization table.
    [0183] • An incident table.
    [0184]
    [0185] In this preferred embodiment, the variables subject to operating limits are the battery temperature, the temperature of the set of switching devices (2), the voltage on the battery side and the current on the battery side. In addition, the incidents that require registration correspond only to changes in the operating intervals of these variables. On the other hand, each row of the utilization table includes, in addition to the data related to the external system, connection time, injected energy and absorbed energy, the number of the last row of the incident table at the time it is created. that row of the utilization table.
    [0186]
    [0187] As reflected in Figure 1, in this preferred embodiment of the invention, the battery operation initialization step (a) comprises the sub-steps of: detecting the connection of the battery to an external system (a.1 ), verification of the identity of the external system (a.2), storage of information about the identity of the external system (a.3), activation of a row in the utilization table (a.4), activation of the energy meters injected and absorbed by the battery (a.5), and sending confirmation of activation of the battery operation (a.6) to the external control system (3). This step (a) is executed on time when the battery connection to an external system occurs (a.0) and the detection of the connection (a.1) is based on the increase in voltage on the external system side.
    [0188]
    [0189] In this embodiment, the identity verification of the external system of the sub-stage (a.2) is initiated with a request from the battery operation management device (1) to the external control system (3). If the verification of sub-step (a.2) is incorrect, this step (a) is interrupted and an error signal is generated (a.7). The activation of a row in the utilization table (a.4) is carried out in two steps, in the First, the identity of the external system is compared with the identity of the external system stored in the last row of the utilization table, and in the second, that last row is activated if those identities match and a new row is created and activated otherwise.
    [0190]
    [0191] As indicated in Figure 2, in this preferred embodiment of the invention, the step of controlling the interaction between the battery and the external system (b) comprises the sub-steps of: receiving reference values and measurements (b.1) , correction of the reference value (b.2), calculation of a low-level control reference (b.3), correction of the low-level control reference (b.4), generation of switching signals by execution the low level control (b.5), sending the switching signals (b.6), and sending the information used to determine the reference and the environmental conditions in which the battery must work (b.7) to the external control (3). This step (b) is periodically executed with a control update period (b.0) corresponding to the defined switching frequency for the switching devices (2), updating the received reference values and measurements, and the switching signals depending on these. Execution of this step (b) requires the battery to have an active connection.
    [0192]
    [0193] In this embodiment of the invention, in the sub-stage (b.1), the battery operation management device (1) receives from the external control system (3) a power reference that the battery must exchange with the system external, considering a positive sign when the battery injects power into the external system and negative when it absorbs it from it. On the other hand, it receives measurements of the voltage on the battery side, the current on the battery side, the voltage on the external system side, and the battery temperature. In sub-step (b.2), the received power reference is corrected to maintain its value between the power limits set for injection and absorption, making its value equal to the limit that is exceeded.
    [0194]
    [0195] In sub-step (b.3), the low-level control reference is calculated as the quotient between the power reference and the voltage measurement on the battery side, thereby obtaining a current reference on the the battery that uses the same sign criteria as the power reference. In sub-step (b.4), this low level control reference is corrected taking into account the current limits on the battery side, depending on the state of the battery. These limits currents are additionally modified with the signal generated by a voltage controller that acts on the voltage on the battery side, depending on the operating limits of this voltage, also conditioned by the state of the battery.
    [0196]
    [0197] This voltage controller is made up of two integral proportional regulators. One of them acts on the difference between the measured voltage and its upper limit, limiting its output so that it only takes values greater than or equal to zero; the resulting signal is subtracted from the absolute value of the maximum current draw limit, reducing it. The other acts on the difference between the lower limit of the voltage and its measurement, limiting its output so that it only takes values greater than or equal to zero; the resulting signal is subtracted from the absolute value of the maximum injected current limit, reducing it.
    [0198]
    [0199] In sub-step (b.5), the execution of the low-level control is based on a current controller consisting of a proportional-integral regulator that determines a switching ratio and a modulation algorithm that generates the switching signals corresponding to this switching ratio.
    [0200]
    [0201] In this embodiment of the invention, after sending the switching signals to the respective switching devices (b.6), the battery operation management device (1) sends information to the external control system (3) in substep (b.7). This information includes the limits for the power reference, the remaining energy that the battery can inject and absorb, and the temperature deviation from an optimal operating range. This information is generated from the measurements received from other auxiliary battery systems (4).
    [0202]
    [0203] As described in the explanation of the invention, the step of updating information on the use of the battery (c) includes the sub-steps of: reading the energy meters injected and absorbed by the battery (c.1), and writing of the values of energy injected and absorbed by the battery in the active row of the utilization table (c.2). In this embodiment of the invention, this step (c) is periodically executed with an information update period of 30 seconds and punctually on demand from other stages of the battery operation management procedure. Execution of this step (c) requires the battery to have an active connection.
    [0204]
    [0205] As described in the explanation of the invention, the step of updating battery operation incidents (d) comprises the sub-steps of: detecting an incident that requires registration (d.1), and creating a row in the table of incidents with the identity of the external system, the moment in which the incident occurs and the incident code (d.2). This step (d) is executed on time when an incident occurs that requires registration, even when the battery does not have an active connection.
    [0206]
    [0207] As can be seen in figure 3, the step of querying the operation information of the battery related to the external system to which the battery (e) is connected comprises the sub-steps of: receiving a request for information on the operation of the related battery with the external system to which the battery is connected (e.1), identity verification of the external system (e.2), updating of the information on the use of the battery (e.3), reading of the information on the total energy injected by the battery and on the total energy absorbed by the battery stored in the active row of the table of use and sending to the external control system (e.4), and reading of the information on incidents of battery operation related to the external system to which the battery is connected and send (e.5) to the external control system (3). This step (e) is executed punctually when an information request related to the external system to which the battery is connected (e.0) occurs. Execution of this step (e) requires the battery to have an active connection.
    [0208]
    [0209] In this embodiment, the identity verification of the external system of the sub-stage (e.2) starts with the information included in the request for information received in the sub-stage (e.1). If the verification (e.2) is incorrect, this step (e) is interrupted and an error signal (e.6) is generated. On the other hand, in sub-stage (e.5) the incident table is traversed from the row following the one whose number appears in the active row of the use table to the end.
    [0210]
    [0211] As shown in Figure 4, the step of querying information on the operation of the general battery (f) comprises the sub-steps of: receiving a request for information on the operation of the general battery (f.1), verification of identity and access permission of the external system (f.2), reception of the time for which information is requested on the operation of the battery (f.3), updating of the information on the use of the battery (f.4), reading of the information on the use of the battery in the interval consulted stored in the table of use and delivery to the external control system, comprising the identity of the external system, the connection time and the information on energy injected and absorbed by the battery of each row whose connection time belongs to the consulted interval (f.5 ), reading the information on battery operating incidents in the consulted interval stored in the incident table and sending it to the external control system (3), comprising the identity of the external system, the instant in which the incident occurs and the incidence code of each row whose instant of occurrence of the incident belongs to the consulted interval (f.6). This step (f) is executed punctually when a request for information related to the external system occurs (f.0). Execution of this step (f) requires the battery to have an active connection.
    [0212]
    [0213] In this embodiment, the identity verification and access permission of the external system (f.2) starts with the information included in the request for information received in sub-step (f.1). If the verification of substep (f.2) is incorrect, this step (f) is interrupted and an error signal (f.7) is generated.
    [0214]
    [0215] For its part, as described in the explanation of the invention, the step of interrupting the operation of the battery (g) includes the sub-steps of: detection of the disconnection (g.1), updating of the information on the use of the battery (g.2), and replacement of the stored information on the identity of the external system (g.3). This step (g) is executed on time when the external system battery is disconnected and the detection of this event is based on the decrease in voltage on the external system side.
    权利要求:
    Claims (16)
    [1]
    1. Procedure for managing the operation of a battery, where this battery has the ability to connect to and disconnect from an external system, establishing the electrical connection between the two through a set of switching devices and counting said external system with a control system external associate, comprising the stages of:
    a) Initialization of battery operation.
    b) Control of the interaction between the battery and the external system.
    c) Updating information on the use of the battery.
    d) Updating information on battery operating incidents. e) Consultation of battery operation information related to the external system to which the battery is connected.
    f) Consultation of general battery operation information.
    g) Interruption of battery operation.
    And that is characterized by the fact of generating and consulting information that includes:
    • An external system identity.
    • A counter of energy injected by the battery and a counter of energy absorbed by the battery, which are updated with each update of the measurement of the power exchanged by the battery.
    • A list of operating intervals in which each of the battery variables are instantly subject to operating limits, which are updated with each update of the measurements of these variables.
    • A battery utilization table.
    • A table of incidents of battery operation.
    [2]
    2. A battery operation management method according to claim 1, in which the battery operation initialization step (a) is executed on time when the battery is connected to an external system and comprises the following sub-stages:
    a.1) Detection of the battery connection to an external system.
    a.2) Identity verification of this external system. If the verification is unsuccessful, the execution of this stage is interrupted, generating an error signal.
    a.3) Storage of information about the identity of this external system. a.4) Activation of a row in the battery utilization table. This row of the battery utilization table includes information about the identity of this external system, the time when the connection of the battery to this external system is recorded, the total energy injected by the battery into this external system and the energy total absorbed by the battery from this external system. a.5) Activation of the counters of energy injected and absorbed by the battery with the values stored in the active row of the battery utilization table at the time this sub-stage is executed for the total energy injected and absorbed by the battery, respectively.
    [3]
    3. A battery operation management method according to claim 2, in which the battery operation initialization step (a) comprises, after the activation sub-stage of the energy meters injected and absorbed by the battery (a.5), the following sub-stage:
    a.6) Sending a confirmation of activation of the battery operation to the external control system.
    [4]
    4. A battery operation management method according to any of claims 2 or 3, wherein the activation sub-stage of a row in the battery utilization table (a.4) of the initialization step of the operation of The battery (a) comprises the following steps:
    • Check if the identity of the external system is the same as that stored in the last row of the battery utilization table prior to the execution of this sub-stage.
    • If yes, activate the last row of the battery usage table prior to executing this sub-stage; if not, create and activate a row at the end of the battery utilization table that includes information on the identity of the external system to which the battery is connected, the time this sub-stage is executed and values equal to zero for the total energy injected and absorbed by the battery.
    [5]
    5. A battery operation management method according to any of the preceding claims, in which the step of controlling the interaction between the battery and the external system (b) is periodically executed with a period of control update and includes the following sub-stages:
    b.1) Reception of reference values and measurements.
    b.2) Correction of the reference value.
    b.3) Calculation of a low-level control reference.
    b.4) Correction of the low level control reference.
    b.5) Generation of switching signals for the switching devices that connect the battery and the external system by executing the low level control.
    b.6) Sending the switching signals to the switching devices.
    [6]
    6. A battery operation management method according to claim 5, in which the step of controlling the interaction between the battery and the external system (b) comprises, after the sub-stage of sending the switching signals to the switching devices (b.6), the following sub-stage:
    b. 7) Sending information used to determine the reference and the environmental conditions in which the battery must work to the external control system.
    [7]
    7. A battery operation management method according to any one of claims 5 or 6, in which the low-level control reference calculated in the sub-step of calculating a low-level control reference (b.3) is a reference current and the low-level control reference correction sub-stage (b.4) consists of limiting its value within operating limits for the battery current, where these current limits are defined based on the instantaneous state of the battery and are additionally modified with the signal generated by a voltage controller depending on the battery voltage and the operating limits of this voltage, also conditioned by the state of the battery.
    [8]
    8. Procedure for managing the operation of a battery according to any of the preceding claims, in which the step of updating information on the use of the battery (c) is periodically executed with a period of updating information and punctually upon request from others. stages of the battery operation management procedure and includes the following sub-stages:
    c. 1) Reading of the energy meters injected and absorbed by the battery.
    c. 2) Write the values of energy injected and absorbed by the battery in the active row of the battery utilization table.
    [9]
    9. A battery operation management procedure according to any of the preceding claims, in which the battery operation incident update step (d) is executed on time when an incident occurs that requires registration and comprises the following sub-stages:
    d. 1) Detection of an incident that requires registration, including among these those due to a change in the operating interval of a variable subject to operating limits.
    d. 2) Creation of a row in the table of incidents of battery operation with the identity of the external system, the moment in which the incident occurs and an incident code.
    [10]
    10. A battery operation management procedure according to claim 9, which includes among the incidents that require registration those due to the interruption of a stage of the battery operation management procedure.
    [11]
    11. Procedure for managing the operation of a battery according to any of the preceding claims, in which the step of consulting information related to the external system to which the battery (e) is connected is carried out promptly on demand by the external control system and It includes the following sub-stages: e. 1) Receipt of a request for information related to the external system to which the battery is connected.
    e.2) Identity verification of the external system. If the verification is unsuccessful, the execution of this stage is interrupted, generating an error signal.
    e.3) Updating the information on the use of the battery.
    e.4) Reading the information on the total energy injected by the battery and on the total energy absorbed by the battery stored in the active row of the battery utilization table and sending it to the external control system. e.5) Reading of the information on incidents of battery operation related to the external system to which the battery is connected and sending it to the external control system.
    [12]
    12. A battery operation management procedure according to any of the preceding claims, in which the general battery operation information consultation step (f) is executed on time at the request of the external control system and comprises the following sub-stages:
    f.1) Receipt of a request for general information on the operation of the battery.
    f.2) Identity verification and access permission of the external system. If the verification is unsuccessful, the execution of this stage is interrupted, generating an error signal.
    f.3) Reception of the time interval on which information about the operation of the battery is requested.
    f.4) Updating the information on the use of the battery.
    f.5) Reading of the information on the use of the battery in the consulted interval stored in the table of use of the battery and sending it to the external control system, including the identity of the external system, the time of connection and information on energy injected and absorbed by the battery of each row whose connection moment belongs to the consulted interval.
    F. 6) Reading of the information on incidents of battery operation in the consulted interval stored in the table of incidents of battery operation and sending to the external control system, including the identity of the external system, the instant in which the incidence and the incidence code of each row whose instant of occurrence of the incident belongs to the consulted interval.
    [13]
    13. A battery operation management method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the step of interrupting the operation of the battery (g) is performed on time when the disconnection of the battery from the external system is detected and comprises the following sub-stages:
    g. 1) Detection of battery disconnection from external system.
    g.2) Updating the information on the use of the battery.
    g.3) Replacement of the information stored on the identity of the external system.
    [14]
    14. A battery operation management procedure according to any of the preceding claims, wherein, in the creation of a row of the battery utilization table, this includes the number of the last row of the operation incident table. of the battery at the time that row is created in the battery utilization table.
    [15]
    15. A battery operation management method according to claim 14, in which the information consultation step related to the external system to which the battery (e) is connected is executed on time on demand by the external control system and comprises the following sub-stages:
    e.1) Receipt of a request for information related to the external system to which the battery is connected.
    e.2) Identity verification of the external system. If the verification is unsuccessful, the execution of this stage is interrupted, generating an error signal.
    e.3) Updating the information on the use of the battery.
    e.4) Reading the information on the total energy injected by the battery and on the total energy absorbed by the battery stored in the active row of the battery utilization table and sending it to the external control system. e.5) Reading of the information on incidents of battery operation related to the external system to which the battery is connected and sending it to the external control system, where the reading of this information in the table of incidents of battery operation It is carried out from the row following the one whose number appears in the active row of the battery usage table until the end.
    [16]
    16. A battery operation management device that includes input and output elements for information, time measurement, processing and calculation, and non-volatile memory, characterized by being able to carry out a procedure for managing the operation of a battery according to any of the preceding claims.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    ES2753675B2|2020-08-11|
    WO2020074758A1|2020-04-16|
    引用文献:
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    US20120050054A1|2010-08-27|2012-03-01|Denso Corporation|Apparatus, system and method for battery management|
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    US20170355274A1|2015-01-13|2017-12-14|Chih-Chan Ger|Control Method of Swappable Battery Pack Set Applied to Electric Vehicle|
    WO2018104965A1|2016-12-07|2018-06-14|Kumar Maini Chetan|Battery swapping systems and methods|
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    PCT/ES2019/070644| WO2020074758A1|2018-10-09|2019-09-27|Device and method for managing the operation of a battery for vehicles|
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